Kali Linux関連はこちらを参考ください。
まず、アップデート
sudo apt-get update
さて、Kali Linuxの機能を確認してみよう!
01-Information Gathering(情報収集)
02-Vulnerability Analysis(脆弱性診断)
03-Web Applications Analysis(Webアプリケーション診断)
04-Database Assessment(データベース評価)
05-Password Attacks(パスワード攻撃)
06-Wireless Attacks(ワイヤレス通信攻撃)
07-Reverse Engineering(リバース・エンジニアリング)
08-Exploitation Tools(エクスプロイト=脆弱性を利用した攻撃用ツール)
09-Sniffing & Spoofing(盗聴となりすまし)
10-Post Exploitation(侵入後の活動)
11-Forensics(フォレンジック=証拠保全・分析用ツール)
12-Reporting Tools(レポートツール)
13-Social Engineering Tool(ソーシャルエンジニアリングツール)
Post-Exploitationは、標的型攻撃等で侵入できた後の情報収集とかを行うためのフレームワークだったりする。
こういった攻撃を理解し、どうセキュリティ対応していくかが重要になるんでしょう。
どういうツールがあるのか、プライベートネットワーク上で試してみましょう。
Information Gathering
情報収集において、色々とアプリが登録されている。
ここで個人的に紹介できるアプリはnmap。それ以外は知らない…
nmap
nmapとはポートスキャン機能の他、OSやバージョンの検出機能、サービスおよびそのバージョンの検出機能など、多くの機能を兼ね備えているセキュリティツール。ネットワークに接続されている機器一覧を出して、脆弱性スキャンを実施する程度のレベルしか無いですが…
指定ネットワークセグメントの一覧表示
nmap -sP ネットワークセグメント
脆弱性スキャン
nmap -sV IPアドレス
別にnmap IPアドレス、nmap ホスト名で調査することも可能
-p- にすることで、ポート番号を1番〜65535番までポートスキャンをしてくれる。
ポートスキャンテストのため、windowsに対し、ファイアウォールを無効にしています…
コマンド一覧はこのような感じ。
色々とありますね…。
$ nmap Nmap 7.92 ( https://nmap.org ) Usage: nmap [Scan Type(s)] [Options] {target specification} TARGET SPECIFICATION: Can pass hostnames, IP addresses, networks, etc. Ex: scanme.nmap.org, microsoft.com/24, 192.168.0.1; 10.0.0-255.1-254 -iL <inputfilename>: Input from list of hosts/networks -iR <num hosts>: Choose random targets –exclude <host1[,host2][,host3],…>: Exclude hosts/networks –excludefile <exclude_file>: Exclude list from file HOST DISCOVERY: -sL: List Scan – simply list targets to scan -sn: Ping Scan – disable port scan -Pn: Treat all hosts as online — skip host discovery -PS/PA/PU/PY[portlist]: TCP SYN/ACK, UDP or SCTP discovery to given ports -PE/PP/PM: ICMP echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes -PO[protocol list]: IP Protocol Ping -n/-R: Never do DNS resolution/Always resolve [default: sometimes] –dns-servers <serv1[,serv2],…>: Specify custom DNS servers –system-dns: Use OS’s DNS resolver –traceroute: Trace hop path to each host SCAN TECHNIQUES: -sS/sT/sA/sW/sM: TCP SYN/Connect()/ACK/Window/Maimon scans -sU: UDP Scan -sN/sF/sX: TCP Null, FIN, and Xmas scans –scanflags <flags>: Customize TCP scan flags -sI <zombie host[:probeport]>: Idle scan -sY/sZ: SCTP INIT/COOKIE-ECHO scans -sO: IP protocol scan -b <FTP relay host>: FTP bounce scan PORT SPECIFICATION AND SCAN ORDER: -p <port ranges>: Only scan specified ports Ex: -p22; -p1-65535; -p U:53,111,137,T:21-25,80,139,8080,S:9 –exclude-ports <port ranges>: Exclude the specified ports from scanning -F: Fast mode – Scan fewer ports than the default scan -r: Scan ports consecutively – don’t randomize –top-ports <number>: Scan <number> most common ports –port-ratio <ratio>: Scan ports more common than <ratio> SERVICE/VERSION DETECTION: -sV: Probe open ports to determine service/version info –version-intensity <level>: Set from 0 (light) to 9 (try all probes) –version-light: Limit to most likely probes (intensity 2) –version-all: Try every single probe (intensity 9) –version-trace: Show detailed version scan activity (for debugging) SCRIPT SCAN: -sC: equivalent to –script=default –script=<Lua scripts>: <Lua scripts> is a comma separated list of directories, script-files or script-categories –script-args=<n1=v1,[n2=v2,…]>: provide arguments to scripts –script-args-file=filename: provide NSE script args in a file –script-trace: Show all data sent and received –script-updatedb: Update the script database. –script-help=<Lua scripts>: Show help about scripts. <Lua scripts> is a comma-separated list of script-files or script-categories. OS DETECTION: -O: Enable OS detection –osscan-limit: Limit OS detection to promising targets –osscan-guess: Guess OS more aggressively TIMING AND PERFORMANCE: Options which take <time> are in seconds, or append ‘ms’ (milliseconds), ‘s’ (seconds), ‘m’ (minutes), or ‘h’ (hours) to the value (e.g. 30m). -T<0-5>: Set timing template (higher is faster) –min-hostgroup/max-hostgroup <size>: Parallel host scan group sizes –min-parallelism/max-parallelism <numprobes>: Probe parallelization –min-rtt-timeout/max-rtt-timeout/initial-rtt-timeout <time>: Specifies probe round trip time. –max-retries <tries>: Caps number of port scan probe retransmissions. –host-timeout <time>: Give up on target after this long –scan-delay/–max-scan-delay <time>: Adjust delay between probes –min-rate <number>: Send packets no slower than <number> per second –max-rate <number>: Send packets no faster than <number> per second FIREWALL/IDS EVASION AND SPOOFING: -f; –mtu <val>: fragment packets (optionally w/given MTU) -D <decoy1,decoy2[,ME],…>: Cloak a scan with decoys -S <IP_Address>: Spoof source address -e <iface>: Use specified interface -g/–source-port <portnum>: Use given port number –proxies <url1,[url2],…>: Relay connections through HTTP/SOCKS4 proxies –data <hex string>: Append a custom payload to sent packets –data-string <string>: Append a custom ASCII string to sent packets –data-length <num>: Append random data to sent packets –ip-options <options>: Send packets with specified ip options –ttl <val>: Set IP time-to-live field –spoof-mac <mac address/prefix/vendor name>: Spoof your MAC address –badsum: Send packets with a bogus TCP/UDP/SCTP checksum OUTPUT: -oN/-oX/-oS/-oG <file>: Output scan in normal, XML, s|<rIpt kIddi3, and Grepable format, respectively, to the given filename. -oA <basename>: Output in the three major formats at once -v: Increase verbosity level (use -vv or more for greater effect) -d: Increase debugging level (use -dd or more for greater effect) –reason: Display the reason a port is in a particular state –open: Only show open (or possibly open) ports –packet-trace: Show all packets sent and received –iflist: Print host interfaces and routes (for debugging) –append-output: Append to rather than clobber specified output files –resume <filename>: Resume an aborted scan –noninteractive: Disable runtime interactions via keyboard –stylesheet <path/URL>: XSL stylesheet to transform XML output to HTML –webxml: Reference stylesheet from Nmap.Org for more portable XML –no-stylesheet: Prevent associating of XSL stylesheet w/XML output MISC: -6: Enable IPv6 scanning -A: Enable OS detection, version detection, script scanning, and traceroute –datadir <dirname>: Specify custom Nmap data file location –send-eth/–send-ip: Send using raw ethernet frames or IP packets –privileged: Assume that the user is fully privileged –unprivileged: Assume the user lacks raw socket privileges -V: Print version number -h: Print this help summary page. EXAMPLES: nmap -v -A scanme.nmap.org nmap -v -sn 192.168.0.0/16 10.0.0.0/8 nmap -v -iR 10000 -Pn -p 80 SEE THE MAN PAGE (https://nmap.org/book/man.html) FOR MORE OPTIONS AND EXAMPLES |
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